Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau antibiotic i hala i ka lā pau?

E nānā kākou, hiki ke pipiʻi nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻomaopopo ʻole ai ke kanaka e hoʻolei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau inā ua hala ka lā pau (pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau antibiotic). No laila, ʻo ka nīnau: pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maikaʻi o nā antibiotic? A hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā lāʻau antibiotic i hala? E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu e ʻike.

He aha ke ʻano o ka lā pau?

E like me nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o ka counter (OTC) he mau lā pau. ʻAʻole like me nā huahana meaʻai a me nā mea inu, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole like ke ʻano o kēia mau lā pau. I ka makahiki 1979, koi ka Food and Drug Administration (FDA) i nā mea hana lāʻau lapaʻau e hāʻawi i ka lā pau i kā lākou huahana. ʻO ka lā pau e hōʻike ana i "ka lā e hiki ai i ka mea hana ke hōʻoia i ka mana piha a me ka palekana o ka lāʻau."¹ Wahi a Pharmacy Times, ma hope o ko lākou lā hana ʻana, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau he mau lā pau ma waena o 12 a 60 mau mahina. Eia naʻe, hōʻike nā haʻawina hou e hiki ke kūpaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā lāʻau antibiotic a me nā lāʻau OTC ma mua o ka lā pau.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau antibiotic i ka wā e pau ai?

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau antibiotic

Wahi a ka FDA, i mea e noho mākaukau ai no nā pilikia olakino o ka lehulehu, hiki i nā aupuni a me kekahi mau hoa hana pilikino ke hoʻopaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau (MCMs). ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā lā pau ka mea i pilikia nui no nā lāʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e lilo i kumu kūʻai nui loa. Ma muli o kēia pilikia, ua hana ka FDA i nā hoʻokolohua hou. Ua ʻike lākou "e mau ana kekahi mau huahana ma mua o ko lākou mau lā pau i kapa ʻia ke mālama pono ʻia."² ʻO ia kahi e pāʻani ai ka Shelf Life Extension Program (SLEP). Hoʻoponopono ʻia e ka US Department of Defense, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo SLEP ma 1986. ʻO kāna kumu e hoʻolōʻihi i ka lā pau o nā huahana lapaʻau koho ma hope o ka hele ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka manawa paʻa. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi a ka FDA "90% o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻoi aku ma mua o 100, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka mea kūʻai aku, ua maikaʻi loa e hoʻohana a hiki i 15 mau makahiki ma hope o ka lā pau."³

kekahi aʻo ʻia e Cantrell a me nā hoa hana ua ho'āʻo i ka pono o nā lāʻau ʻewalu. Ua pau kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no 28 a 40 mau makahiki. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau he 15 mau mea hoʻoikaika like ʻole a ʻaʻole i wehe ʻia nā mea a pau. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole i ho'āʻo ka hui i kekahi o nā mea hana, homatropine, no ka mea,ʻaʻohe mea maʻamau no ka nānāʻana⁴. Ua ʻike ʻia ka haʻawina ʻo "12 o nā pūhui lāʻau 14 i hoʻāʻo ʻia (86%) aia i loko o ka nui o ka liʻiliʻi o 90% o nā helu i hōʻailona ʻia" no ka liʻiliʻi o 336 mau mahina.⁵. No ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kēia i ka hiʻohiʻona, ʻae ka FDA i ka "hoʻololi kūpono". ʻO kēia wale nō ka lōʻihi "ʻo ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau i kūʻai ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa he 90% a 110% o ka nui o ka mea hana i koi ʻia ma ka lepili."⁶

Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā lāʻau antibiotic i hala?

Ke kākoʻo nei ka noiʻi ʻana i hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau OTC ke mālama i ko lākou ikaika ma mua o ka lā pau. Eia naʻe, pono e loaʻa kekahi pae o ka mālama. E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mau haʻawina i loaʻa nā laʻana i mālama ʻia i nā kūlana kūpono. Aia nō kēia mau lāʻau i loko o kā lākou mau pahu mua. Wahi a Dr. Robbe C. Lyon, ka hope o ka FDA no ka noiʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana, pono nā mea kūʻai aku e nānā i nā lā pau. No ka mea, pili wale ka ʻike a SLEP i nā "lāʻau lapaʻau i mālama ʻia i loko o nā pahu kumu ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono."⁷ Ua wehewehe ʻo ia i ka wā e wehe ai kekahi i ka ipu, ʻike ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i nā wahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO kēia ka mea "paʻakikī ke wānana i ka pono o ka lāʻau."⁸ He ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo "hiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka wela nui a i ʻole ka haʻahaʻa hiki ke hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau." ⁹ Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina like ʻole ua mālama kekahi mau lāʻau i ko lākou ikaika a paʻa ma mua o nā lā pau. ʻekahi ʻO ia mau haʻawina i nānā i nā papa captopril, nā papa theophylline, a me ka mana sodium cefoxitin no ka hoʻokele. Ua mālama ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma 40 degere Celsius me ka pae haʻahaʻa o 75%. Ua ʻike ʻia ka haʻawina ua paʻa kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi o 1.5 mau makahiki a 9 mau makahiki ma mua o nā lā pau.¹⁰. Eia hou, Ka Leta Lapaau hoʻomaopopo ʻo "aia ʻaʻole paʻi ʻia nā hōʻike o ka ʻona kanaka ma muli o ka ʻai ʻana, ka injection, a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia manawa ma hope o kona lā pau.

hope loa olelo

No laila, pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau antibiotic ma mua o ka lā pau? ʻO ka pane pōkole hiki iā lākou ke paʻa a mālama i ka mana piha no kekahi manawa ma mua o ka lā pau inā ua mālama ʻoe iā lākou i nā kūlana kūpono. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka nīnau nui: hiki lawe ʻoe i nā lāʻau antibiotic i hala? A hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka noiʻi hou e pili ana i ka palekana a me ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau antibiotic a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka lā pau, manaʻo mākou e kuhi hewa ma ka ʻaoʻao palekana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kipa ʻana i kāu kauka a pale i ka lawe ʻana iā ʻoe iho me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i pau. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi ʻokoʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau makamae, e ʻoluʻolu e nānā i kā mākou ʻāpana no kuhikuhi ai ' a nā lāʻau OTC i hoʻemi ʻia. ^ E Ha yM. Mālama pū kekahi iā mākou nā lāʻau lapaʻau pipiʻi kūpono e mālama pono i kēlā me kēia lālā o kou ʻohana! E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi. E nānā i kēia mau mea 7 mau ala e loaʻa ai ke ola olakino a lōʻihi. A mai poina e hahai i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i hana i ke ola olakino i kēia lā pū kekahi!