MaAntibiotics Akanaka Kwenguva Yakadii Kune Yakapfuura Zuva Rekupera?

Ngatitarisei, zvinyorwa zvinogona kudhura. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvichinzwisisika kuti sei chero munhu angave asingadi kukanda mishonga kana yapfuura zuva rekupera (nguva yakareba sei mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inobatsira). Saka, mubvunzo ndewokuti: maantibioti anobatsira kwenguva yakareba sei? Uye iwe unogona kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakapera here? Ramba uchiverenga kuti uzive.

Zuva reKupera Rinomiririrei?

Kufanana nemishonga yechikafu nechinwiwa, mishonga yemishonga uye ye-over-the-counter (OTC) ine mazuva ekupera. Kusiyana nechikafu uye zvinwiwa zvigadzirwa, zvisinei, aya mazuva ekupera haareve chinhu chimwe chete. Muna 1979, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yaida kuti vagadziri vezvinodhaka vape zuva rekupera kwezvigadzirwa zvavo. Zuva rekupera rinomiririra "zuva iro mugadziri anogona kuramba achivimbisa simba rakazara uye kuchengetedzeka kwemushonga."¹ Maererano ne Pharmacy Times, mushure memazuva ekugadzirwa kwayo, mishonga mizhinji ine mazuva ekupera kushanda pakati pemwedzi gumi nemiviri kusvika kumakumi matanhatu. Zvakadaro, ongororo dzichangobva kuitika dzinoratidza kuti mishonga yekunyorerwa senge maantibiotics neOTC mishonga inogona kuramba yakatsiga kunyangwe kupfuura zuva rekupera.

MaAntibiotics Akanaka Kwenguva Yakadii Kune Kana Apera Basa?

Inguva yakareba sei mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inobatsira

Maererano neFDA, kuitira kuti ugare wakagadzirira njodzi dzehutano hweveruzhinji, hurumende uye kunyangwe vamwe vashandi vebazi rakazvimirira vanogona kuunganidza nzira dzekurapa (MCMs). Hongu, mazuva ekupera kwenguva akaunza dambudziko guru pamishonga yakaunganidzwa. Kutsiva mishonga iyi kwaizodhura zvakanyanya. Nekuda kwenyaya iyi, iyo FDA yakaitisa kumwe kuyedzwa. Vakaziva kuti "zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinoramba zvakatsiga kupfuura mazuva akanyorwa ekupera basa kana zvachengetwa nemazvo."² Ndipo panotanga kushanda Shelf Life Extension Programme (SLEP). Inotungamirirwa neDhipatimendi reDziviriro yeUnited States, SLEP yakavambwa muna 1986. Chinangwa chayo ndechekuwedzera zuva rekupera kwezvakasarudzwa zvigadzirwa zvekurapa mushure mekunge vapfuura nekuongororwa kugadzikana kweperiodic. Ongororo yakaitwa neFDA yakaratidza kuti “90% yemishonga inopfuura zana, yakanyorwa nechiremba uye yokutengwa nekaunda, yakanga yakanaka chose kushandisa kunyange makore 100 pashure pokunge yapera.”³

Another kudzidza naCantrell nevamwe vaunoshanda navo akaedza kushanda kwemishonga misere. Mishonga iyi yakanga yapera kweinenge makore 28 kusvika ku40. Imwe neimwe yemishonga yaive ne15 yakasiyana-siyana inoshanda zvinhu uye yese haina kuvhurwa. Zvisinei, boka racho harina kuedza chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshanda, homatropine, sezvo pakanga pasina chiyero chekuongorora⁴. Chidzidzo chacho chakawana kuti "12 ye14 mishonga yemishonga yakaedzwa (86%) yakanga iripo muhuwandu hweinenge 90% yehuwandu hwakanyorwa" kweinenge mwedzi 336.⁵. Kuisa izvi mumaonero, iyo FDA inobvumira "inonzwisisika musiyano". Izvi zvinongotora nguva "mizhinji yemishonga inotengeswa muUnited States ine 90% kusvika 110% yehuwandu hwechinhu chinoshanda chinorehwa pazita."⁶

Unogona Kutora Expired Antibiotics?

Tsvagiridzo inotsigira kuti mishonga yekurapa uye yeOTC inogona kuramba ichichengeta simba rayo kupfuura zuva rekupera. Zvisinei, panofanira kuva nemwero wakati wokungwarira. Ramba uchifunga kuti zvidzidzo izvi zvaive nemasampuli aive akachengetwa mumamiriro akakodzera. Mishonga iyi yaivewo mumidziyo yayo yekutanga. Sekureva kwaDr. Robbe C. Lyon, mutevedzeri wemukuru weFDA weongororo yemhando yechigadzirwa, vatengi vanofanirwa kuramba vachiteerera nezvemazuva ekupera. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kuwanikwa kweSLEP kunongoshandiswa kune "zvinodhaka zvakachengetwa mumidziyo yekutanga pasi pemamiriro akanaka."⁷ Akatsanangura kuti kana munhu angovhura mudziyo, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nemimwe mishonga inoiswa munzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi. Izvi zvinoita kuti “zvive zvakaoma kufanotaura kushanda kwemushonga wacho.”⁸ Ichokwadi kuti “kuchengeta pakupisa kukuru kana kuti mwando kunogona kukurumidzisa kushatiswa kwemamwe magadzirirwo emishonga.” ⁹ Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaratidza kuti mimwe mishonga yakachengetedza simba rayo uye kugadzikana kudarika mazuva ekupera. One kudzidza kwakadai kwakaongorora mahwendefa ecaptopril, mahwendefa eophylline, uye cefoxitin sodium simba rejekiseni. Mishonga iyi yaichengetwa pa40 degrees Celsius ine humidity level ye75%. Chidzidzo ichi chakawana kuti mishonga iyi yakaramba yakagadzikana kweanenge makore 1.5 kusvika kumakore 9 apfuura mazuva ekupera.¹⁰. Uyezve, The Medical Tsamba inotaura kuti “kune kwete yakadhinda mishumo yehuchetura hwevanhu nekuda kwekumwe, jekiseni, kana kushandiswa kwemusoro kwemushonga uripo iye zvino mushure mekupera kwekushanda kwawo."

Final izwi

Saka, maantibioti akanaka kwenguva yakareba sei kune yapfuura zuva rekupera? Mhinduro pfupi ndeyokuti vanogona kugadzikana uye kuchengetedza potency yakazara kwenguva yakati kupfuura zuva rekupera kana iwe wakazvichengeta mumamiriro akanaka. Zvisinei, mubvunzo mukuru ndewokuti: anogona unotora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakapera here? Kusvika pave nekumwe tsvagiridzo pamusoro pekuchengetedza uye kushanda kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nemimwe mishonga yakapfuura zuva rekupera, tinopa zano rekukanganisa. Zvakanakisisa kushanyira chiremba wako uye kudzivisa kuzvitora nemishonga yakapera. Kana iwe uchitsvaga imwe nzira kune inodhura mishonga, iva nechokwadi chekutarisa zvikamu zvedu inonyorwa zvinodhaka uye mishonga yeOTC yakaderedzwa. Isu tinazvo mishonga yezvipfuyo inokwanisika kuchengetedza nhengo yese yemhuri yako ine hutano! Yeuka, nzira yakanakisisa yokudzivisa nayo mishonga yaunonyorerwa nachiremba ndeyekudzivirira zvirwere. Tarisa uone izvi 7 nzira dzekuva nehupenyu hune hutano uye hurefu. Uye usakanganwa kutevera mazano aya kuti gadzira mararamiro ane hutano nhasi naizvo!