Kodi Maantibayotiki Ndiabwino Mpaka Liti Patsiku Lomaliza Ntchito?

Kunena zoona, malangizo a dokotala akhoza kukhala okwera mtengo. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndizomveka chifukwa chake aliyense angakane kumwa mankhwala ngati adutsa tsiku lotha ntchito (maantibayotiki ndi abwino kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji). Ndiye funso ndilakuti: Kodi maantibayotiki ndi abwino kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji? Ndipo mungamwe maantibayotiki otha ntchito? Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe.

Kodi Tsiku Lomaliza Ntchito Likuimira Chiyani?

Monga zakudya ndi zakumwa, mankhwala olembedwa ndi ogula (OTC) ali ndi masiku otha ntchito. Mosiyana ndi zakudya ndi zakumwa, masiku otha ntchito awa sakutanthauza chinthu chomwecho. Mu 1979, bungwe la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) linafuna kuti opanga mankhwala azipereka tsiku lotha ntchito yawo. Tsiku lotha ntchito likuimira "tsiku limene wopanga angatsimikizirebe mphamvu zonse ndi chitetezo cha mankhwala."¹ Malinga ndi Pharmacy Times, pambuyo pa tsiku lopangidwa, mankhwala ambiri amakhala ndi masiku otha ntchito pakati pa miyezi 12 mpaka 60. Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwapa akusonyeza kuti mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala monga maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala a OTC akhoza kukhala okhazikika ngakhale tsiku lotha ntchito litatha.

Kodi Maantibayotiki Ndiabwino Kwanthawi yayitali Bwanji Akatha Ntchito?

Ma antibayotiki ndi abwino kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji

Malinga ndi FDA, pofuna kukhala okonzekera ngozi zadzidzidzi, maboma ngakhalenso mabungwe ena abizinesi akhoza kusunga njira zothana ndi chipatala (MCMs). Zoonadi, masiku otha ntchito yake anali vuto lalikulu kwa mankhwala osonkhanitsidwa. Kusintha mankhwalawa kungakhale kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Poganizira za nkhaniyi, a FDA adayesanso. Iwo anazindikira kuti “zinthu zina zimakhalabe zokhazikika kupyola masiku amene atha ntchito zikasungidwa bwino.”² Ndipamene Shelf Life Extension Programme (SLEP) imayamba kugwira ntchito. Yoyendetsedwa ndi US Department of Defense, SLEP idakhazikitsidwa ku 1986. Cholinga chake ndikukulitsa tsiku lotha ntchito zamankhwala osankhidwa pambuyo poyesa kukhazikika kwanthawi ndi nthawi. Kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi FDA anasonyeza kuti “90 peresenti ya mankhwala oposa 100, ponse paŵiri operekedwa ndi dokotala ndi ogulitsidwa m’sitolo, anali abwino kwambiri kugwiritsira ntchito ngakhale zaka 15 pambuyo pa deti lotha ntchito.”³

china yophunzira ndi Cantrell ndi anzawo adayesa mphamvu ya mankhwala asanu ndi atatu. Mankhwalawa anali atatha kwa zaka zosachepera 28 mpaka 40. Mankhwala aliwonse anali ndi zosakaniza 15 zosiyanasiyana ndipo zonse sizinatsegulidwe. Komabe, gululo silinayese chimodzi mwazinthu zogwira ntchito, homatropine, popeza panalibe muyezo wowunikira⁴. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti "12 mwa mankhwala 14 omwe adayesedwa (86%) analipo pafupifupi 90% ya ndalama zolembedwa" kwa miyezi 336.⁵. Kuti izi zitheke, a FDA amalola "kusiyana koyenera". Izi zimangotengera "mankhwala ambiri omwe amagulitsidwa ku United States ali ndi 90% mpaka 110% ya kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amatchulidwa pa chizindikirocho."⁶

Kodi Mungamwe Ma Antibiotics Amene Anatha Ntchito?

Kafukufuku amathandizira kuti mankhwala olembedwa ndi OTC amatha kukhalabe ndi mphamvu pakadutsa tsiku lotha ntchito. Komabe, payenera kukhala kusamala. Kumbukirani kuti maphunzirowa anali ndi zitsanzo zomwe zinasungidwa bwino. Mankhwalawa analinso m'matumba awo oyambirira. Malinga ndi Dr. Robbe C. Lyon, wachiwiri kwa director wa FDA wofufuza zamtundu wazinthu, ogula akuyenera kulabadirabe masiku otha ntchito. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kupeza kwa SLEP kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito pa "mankhwala osungidwa m'mitsuko yoyambirira pansi pamikhalidwe yabwino."⁷ Iye anafotokoza kuti munthu akatsegula chidebecho, maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala ena amakumana ndi malo osadziwika bwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale “zovuta kuneneratu za mphamvu ya mankhwalawa.”⁸ N’zoona kuti “kusunga m’malo otentha kwambiri kapena pachinyezi kungapangitse kuti mankhwala enaake awonongeke msanga.” ⁹ Komabe, kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana wasonyeza kuti mankhwala ena asungabe mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwawo kupitirira masiku otha ntchito. chimodzi kafukufuku wotereyu adasanthula mapiritsi a captopril, mapiritsi a theophylline, ndi mphamvu ya cefoxitin sodium pojambulira. Mankhwalawa adasungidwa pa 40 digiri Celsius ndi mulingo wa chinyezi wa 75%. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti mankhwalawa adakhazikika kwa zaka pafupifupi 1.5 mpaka zaka 9 kupitilira masiku otha ntchito.¹⁰. Komanso, Kalata Yachipatala amanena kuti “zilipo ayi anafalitsa malipoti a poizoni wa anthu chifukwa cha kumwa, kubayidwa, kapena kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala amakono pambuyo pa tsiku lake lotha ntchito.”

Final Mawu

Ndiye, kodi maantibayotiki ndi abwino kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji pakadutsa tsiku lotha ntchito? Yankho lalifupi ndiloti akhoza kukhala okhazikika ndikukhalabe ndi mphamvu zonse kwa kanthawi kupitirira tsiku lotha ntchito ngati mwawasunga m'mikhalidwe yabwino. Komabe, funso lalikulu ndi lakuti: mungathe mumamwa maantibayotiki otha ntchito? Mpaka patakhala kafukufuku wina wokhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala ena atatha tsiku lotha ntchito, tikulangizani kuti tichite zolakwika. Ndikwabwino kukaonana ndi dokotala ndikupewa kudziletsa ndi mankhwala otha ntchito. Ngati mukuyang'ana njira ina yopangira mankhwala okwera mtengo, onetsetsani kuti mwasakatula magawo athu mankhwala akuchipatala ndi mankhwala ochotsera OTC. Ifenso tili mankhwala a ziweto angakwanitse kuti aliyense m'banja lanu akhale wathanzi! Kumbukirani, njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala ndiyo kungopewa matenda. Yang'anani pa izi Njira 7 zokhalira ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wautali. Ndipo musaiwale kutsatira malangizo awa pangani moyo wathanzi lero komanso!